Bio-Efficacy of New Insecticides Against Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) on Cotton, Bt-121
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2014.340.343Keywords:
Bio-efficacy, cotton (Bt-121), insecticides, whiteflyAbstract
A study was carried out to determine the comparative efficacy of five new insecticides viz., diafenthiuron (polo 50%SC), thiamethoxam (actara 25%WG), acetamiprid (diamond 20%SP), imidacloprid (confidor 20%SL) and thiacloprid (calypso 24% OD) at field recommended doses against whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) on cotton variety Bt-121 grown at farmer field on 25th May, 2009 at Chak No. 253/R.B, Faisalabad. Insecticides sprayed when population of whitefly reached to economic threshold level (ETL) i.e., 4-5/leaf. The data regarding mean number of whitefly per leaf was taken and converted in to mean percentage mortality to find out differences among the treatments. The results of present study showed that Imidacloprid, diafenthiuron, acetamiprid and thiamethoxam were most effective insecticides against whitefly up to seven days after application. While, Imidacloprid and diafenthiuron gave maximum mortality during first spray (89.52 and 85.80%) and second spray (91.67 and 87.51%) after 72 h of application.
References
Abdullah, A., 2010. An analysis of Bt cotton cultivation in Punjab, Pakistan using the Agriculture Decision Support System (ADSS). Agric. Bio. Forum, 13: 274-287.
Aheer, G.M., N. Ahmad and H. Karar, 2000. Chemical control of cotton whitefly adults, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.). J. Agric. Res., 38: 353-357.
Ahsan, R. and Z. Altaf, 2009. Development, adoption and performance of Bt cotton in Pakistan: A review. Pak. J. Agri. Sci., 22: 73-85.
Abbas, Q., M.J. Arif, M.D. Gogi, S.K. Abbas and H. Karar, 2012. Performance of imidacloprid, thiomethoxam, acetamaprid and a biocontrol agent (Chrysoperla carnea) against whitefly, jassid and thrips on different cotton cultivars. World J. Zool., 7: 141-146.
Ahmad, Z., 1999. Pest problems of cotton, a regional perspective. Proceedings of the Regional Consultation on Insecticide Resistance Management in Cotton, 28 June-July 1, 1999, Multan, Pakistan, pp: 5-21.
Ahmad, M., M.I. Arif and M. Naveed, 2010. Dynamics of resistance to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides in the cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from Pakistan. J. Pest Sci., 83: 409-420.
Amin, M.R., M.A. Ahad, M.H. Hossain, S.M.A. Hossain and D.A. Tithi, 2008. Characteristics of some cotton varieties in relation to seasonal abundance of pests, predators and their impact on yield and quality. J. Agrofor. Environ., 2: 67-70.
Anikwe, J.C., E.U. Asogwa, T.C.N. Ndubuaku and F.A. Okelana, 2009. Evaluation of the toxicity of Actara 25 WG for the control of the cocoa mirid Sahlbergella singularis Hagl. (Hemiptera: Miridae) in Nigeria. Afr. J. Agric. Res., 8: 1528-1535.
Anonymous, 2008. Economic survey of Pakistan. Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Islamabad, pp: 17-37.
Anonymous, 2013. Economic survey of Pakistan. Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Islamabad, pp: 17-33.
Asi, M.R., M. Afzal, S.A. Anwar and M.H. Bashir, 2008. Comparative efficacy of insecticides against sucking insect pests of cotton. Pak. J. Life Soc. Sci., 6: 140-142.
Aslam, M., M. Razzaq, S. Rana and M. Faheem, 2003. Efficacy of different insecticides against sucking insect-pests on cotton. Pak. Entomol., 25: 155-159.
Aslam, M., M. Razaq, S.A. Shah and F. Ahmad, 2004. Comparative efficacy of different insecticides against sucking pests of cotton. J. Res. Sci., 15: 53-58.
Bi, J.L., G.R. Ballmer, D.L. Hendrix, T.J. Henneberry and N.C. Toscano, 2001. Effect of cotton nitrogen fertilization on Bemisia argentifolii populations and honeydew production. Entomologia Experimentalis Applicata, 99: 25-36.
Bohmfalk, G.T., R.E. Frisbie, W.L. Sterling, R.B. Metzer and A.E. Knutson, 1996. Identification, biology and sampling of cotton insects. Texas Agricultural Extension Service, The Texas A and M University System.
Carvalho, G.A., M.S. Godoy, D.S. Parreira, O. Lasmar, J.R. Souza and V.F. Moscardini, 2010. Selectivity of growth regulators and neonicotinoids for adults of Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Rev. Colombiana Entomol., 36: 195-201.
Frank, S.D., 2012. Reduced risk insecticides to control scale insects and protect natural enemies in the production and maintenance of urban landscape plants. Environ. Entomol., 41: 377-386.
Iwasa, T., N. Motoyama, J.T. Ambrose and R.M. Roe, 2004. Mechanism for the differential toxicity of neonicotinoid insecticides in the honey bee, Apis mellifera. Crop Prot., 23: 371-378.
Iqbal, J., M. Nadeem, M.S. Assi, M.M. Fiaz and M.W. Hassan, 2013. Comparative efficacy of some insecticides against sucking insect pests on mungbean, Vigna radiate (l.) wilczek gomal. Univ. J. Res., 29: 31-37.
Khattak, M.K., M. Rashid, S.A.S. Hussain and T. Islam, 2006. Comparative effect of neem (Azadirachta indica a. Juss) oil, neem seed water extract and baythroid TM against whitefly, jassids and thrips on cotton. Pak. Entomol., 28: 31-37.
Mohan, M. and K.N. Katiyar, 2000. Impact of different insecticides used for bollworm control on the population of jassid and whitefly in cotton. J. Pestic. Res., 12: 99-102.
Mustafa, G., 2000. Annual report. Entomology Section, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, pp: 1-14.
Nauen, R., U. Reckmann, S. Armborst, H.P. Stupp and F. Elbrt, 1999. Whitefly activity metabolites ofimidacloprid, biological efficacy and translocation in cotton plants. Pestic. Sci., 55: 265-271.
Parrish, M.D. and T.M. Assail, 2001. A New Tool for Insect Pest Management in Cotton. In: Proceedings of the Beltwide Cotton Conference, Herber, D.J. and D.A. Richter (Eds.). National Cotton Council, Memphis, Tennessee, pp: 46-47.
Razaq, M., M. Aslam, K. Sharif, B. Salman and M.F. Aleem, 2003. Evaluation of insecticides against cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). J. Res. Sci., 14: 199-202.
Shaikh, A.A. and J.J. Patel, 2012. Bio-efficacy of insecticides against sucking pests in brinjal agres-an. Int. Eng. J., 4: 423-434.
Shivanna, B.K., B. Gangadhara Naik, R. Nagaraja, M.K. Basavaraja, C.M. Kalleswara Swamy and C. Karegowda, 2011. Bio efficacy of new insecticides against sucking insect pests of transgenic cotton. Int. J. Sic. Nat., 2: 79-83.
Solangi, B.K. and M.K. Lohar, 2007. Effect of some insecticides on the population of insect pests and predators on okra. Asian J. Plant Sci., 6: 920-926.
Steel, R.G.D. and J.H. Torrie, 1997. Principles and Procedures of Statistics with Special Refrence to the Biological Sciences. McGraw Hill Book Co. Inc., New York, NY., USA., Pages: 481.
Tayyib, M., A. Sohail, Shazia, A. Murtaza and F.F. Jamil, 2005. Efficacy of some new-chemistry insecticides for controlling the sucking insect pests and mites on cotton. Pak. Entomol., 27: 63-66.
Zhang, L., S.M. Greenberg, Y. Zhang and T.X. Liu, 2011. Effectiveness of thiamethoxam and imidacloprid seed treatments against Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on cotton. Pest Manage. Sci., 67: 226-232.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2014 Asian Network for Scientific Information
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
