Research Article Open Access

Proximate Composition and Mineral Contents of Cultured and Wild Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (Pisces: Cichlidae) (Linnaeus, 1758)

Authors

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
B.E. Job
Marine Biology Unit, Institute of Oceanography, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
|
E.E. Antai
Marine Biology Unit, Institute of Oceanography, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
|
A.P. Inyang-Etoh
Fisheries and Aquaculture Unit, Institute of Oceanography, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
|
G.A. Otogo
Marine Biology Unit, Institute of Oceanography, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
|
H.S. Ezekiel
Marine Biology Unit, Institute of Oceanography, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
Published on: March 15, 2015
DOI 10.3923/pjn.2015.195.200
PDF

Abstract

Studies were conducted on the proximate composition and mineral contents of wild and cultured tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) bought from Aqua Vista Fish Farm and artisanal fishermen at Nsidung beach, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. The internationally accepted methods of AOAC were used for the analysis. Results obtained were as follows: Moisture (wild individuals: 80.90%, cultured: 80.80%), crude protein (wild individuals: 17.40%, cultured: 17.10%), crude fat (wild individuals: 0.57%, cultured: 0.30%), ash (wild individuals: 1.20%, cultured: 1.31%), Carbohydrate (wild individuals: 0.22%, cultured: 0.20%); Calcium(wild individuals: 28.3 mg/100 g, cultured: 27.0 mg/100 g), Magnesium (wild individuals: 11.9 mg/100 g, cultured: 2.70 mg/100 g), Potassium (wild individuals: 17.1 mg/100 g, cultured: 11.90 mg/100 g), Iron (wild individuals: 151.0 mg/100 g, cultured: 146.0 mg/100 g), Zinc (wild individuals: 67.10 mg/100 g, cultured: 66.9 mg/100 g and Sodium (wild individuals: 13.0 mg/100 g, cultured: 12.7 mg/100 g).

Keywords:

Aqua Vista Fish Farm and Nsidung beach, mineral contents, Oreochromis niloticus, proximate composition, wild and cultured tilapia

Article Metrics

251 Abstract Views
297 File Views
0 Downloads

License

Copyright (c) 2015 Asian Network for Scientific Information

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Article Citation Metrics

Find Proximate Composition and Mineral Contents of Cultured and Wild Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (Pisces: Cichlidae) (Linnaeus, 1758) on PlumX

How to Cite

Job, B., Antai, E., Inyang-Etoh, A., Otogo, G., & Ezekiel, H. (2015). Proximate Composition and Mineral Contents of Cultured and Wild Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (Pisces: Cichlidae) (Linnaeus, 1758). Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 14(4), 195–200. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2015.195.200
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

References

1.
AOAC., 2000. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 17th Edn., Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC., USA., Pages: 234.
2.
Adeniyi, S.A., C.L. Orjiekwe, J.E. Ehiagbonare and S.J. Josiah, 2012. Nutritional composition of three different fishes (Clarias gariepinus, Malapterurus electricus and Tilapia guineensis). Pak. J. Nutr., 11: 891-895.
3.
Abdullahi, S.A., 2000. Evaluation of the nutrition composition of some fresh water fish families in Northern Nigeria. J. Agric. Environ., 1: 141-151.
4.
Ackman, R.G., 1989. Nutritional composition of fats in seafoods. Prog. Food Nutr. Sci., 13: 161-289.
5.
Adewoye, S.O. and J.S. Omotosho, 1997. Nutrient composition of some freshwater fishes in Nigeria. Biolog. Sci. Res. Commun., 11: 333-336.
6.
Adewoye, S.O., O.O. Fawole and J.S. Omotosho, 2003. Concentrations of selected elements in some fresh water fishes in Nigeria. Sci. Focus, 4: 106-108.
7.
Alemu, L.A., A.Y. Melece and D.H. Gulelat, 2013. Effect of endogenous factors on proximate composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fillet from Lake Zeway. Am. J. Res. Commun., 1: 405-410.
8.
Anthony, J.E., N.H. Pauline, S. Rhonda, G.A. Milan, L. Herzfeld, T. Janatte and S.J. Ritchey, 2003. Yields, proximate composition and mineral content of fin fish and shellfish. Office of Sea Grant, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce under Grant No. 5-29258 and Virginia Sea Grant Program Project No. R/FD-1.
9.
El-Serafy, S.S., S.A. Ibrahim and S.A. Mahmoud, 2005. Biochemical and histopathologica studies on the muscles of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Egypt. Egypt. J. Aquact. Fish. Biol., 9: 81-96.
10.
El-Zaeem, S.Y., N.E. El-Tawil and T.N. Amer, 2012. Effect of direct injection of Shark DNA into skeletal muscles on the productive performance characteristics of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) fed Different dietary regimes. Afr. J. Agric. Res., 7: 2456-2462.
11.
FAO., 2005. Nutritional element of food. UNITED Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Rome, Italy.
12.
FAO., 2009. State of world fisheries and agriculture. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), Rome, Italy.
13.
Fawole, O.O., M.A. Ogundiran, T.A. Ayandiran and O.F. Olagunju, 2007. Proximate and mineral composition in some selected fresh water fishes in Nigeria. Internet J. Food Saf., 9: 52-55.
14.
Favaloro, E., L. Lopiano and A. Mazzola, 2002. Rearing of sharpsnout seabream (Diplodus puntazzo, Cetti 1777) in a Mediterranean fish farm: Monoculture versus polyculture. Aquacult. Res., 33: 137-140.
15.
Flos, R., L. Reig, J. Oca and M. Ginovart, 2002. Influence of marketing and different land-based systems on gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) quality. Aquacult. Int., 10: 189-206.
16.
FAO., 2010. Nutritional elements of food and agricultural organization fish. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), Rome, Italy.
17.
Hossain, M.A., 1996. Proximate and amino acid composition of some potential Bangladesh fish feed ingredients. Bangladesh J. Zool., 24: 163-168.
18.
Job, B.E. and A.P. Ekanem, 2010. Nutritional status of two periwinkle species from a tropical creek in Nigeria. Afr. J. Environ. Pollut. Health, 8: 41-44.
19.
Job, B.E. and P.J. Udo, 2002. Food, feeding and the condition factor of the estuarine catfish Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Lacepede) of the Cross River, Nigeria. Afr. J. Fish. Aquacult., 3: 43-51.
20.
Ogbeibu, A.E., 2005. Biostatistics: A Practical Approach to Research and Data Handling. Mindex Publishing Company Ltd., Edo State, Pages: 265.
21.
Osibona, A.O., K. Kusemiju and G.R. Akande, 2009. Fatty acid composition and amino acid profile of two freshwater species, African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and tilapia (Tilapia zillii). Afr. J. Food Agric. Nutr. Dev., 9: 608-621.
22.
Olojo, E.A.A., K.B. Olurin and O.J. Osikoya, 2003. Food and feeding habits of Synodontis nigrita from the Osun River, SW Nigeria. NAGA: WorldFish Centre Q., 26: 21-24.
23.
Pfennig, F., T. Kurth, S. Meiβner, A. Standke and M. Hoppe et al., 2012. The social status of the male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) influences testis structure and gene expression. Reproduction, 143: 71-84.
24.
Rasmussen, R.S., 2001. Quality of farmed salmonids with emphasis on proximate composition, yield and sensory characteristics. Aquacult. Res., 32: 767-786.
25.
Shoal, R.R. and F.J. Rohlt, 1968. Biometry: The Principal and Practices of Statistics in Biological Research. Freeman and Company, San Francisco, CA., Pages: 759.
26.
Toguyeni, A., B. Fauconneau, T. Boujard, A. Fostier, E.R. Kuhn, K.A. Mol and J.F. Baroiller, 1997. Feeding behaviour and food utilisation in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus: Effect of sex ratio and relationship with the endocrine status. Physiol. Behav., 62: 273-279.
27.
Udo, P.J., 2012. The proximate composition and mineral contents of two economically important West African cichlids: Heterotis niloticus and Oreochromis niloticus (Pisces: Cichlidae). Pak. J. Nutr., 11: 1087-1091.
28.
Udo, P.J. and V.N. Arazu, 2011. The biochemical composition of three exotic fish delicacies: Scomber scombrus, (Linnaeus, 1758), Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Sardina pilchard (Walbaum, 1792) frozen and imported into Nigeria. Pak. J. Nutr., 10: 1158-1162.
29.
USDA., 2010. USDA national nutrition database for standard reference. Agricultural Research Service, Release, 23, Nutrition Laboratory, United State Department of Agriculture (USDA), Washington, DC., USA.
30.
Viola, S. and G. Zohar, 1984. Nutrition studies with market size hybrids of Tilapia (Oreochromis) in intensive culture: Protein levels and sources. Bamidgeh, 36: 3-15.