Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves on Body Weight and Hyperglycemia of Diabetic Rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2016.112.117Keywords:
Antihyperglycemic, body weight, ethanolic extract, Moringa oleifera, plasma lipidsAbstract
Moringa oleifera is cognizant locally as mungai in Malaysia and commonly used traditionally. Therefore, the 14-day study was conducted on STZ-induced diabetic rats to evaluate the effect of 95% ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves on body weight, hyperglycemia and lipids. Group-I was negative diabetic control, received distilled water (10 ml/kg bw). Metformine (500 mg/kg bw) treated group-II was specified as positive control while group-III to VI received leaves extract with variable doses (1000, 500, 250, 125 mg/kg bw orally). In multiple dose experiment, the blood glucose and body weight monitoring was executed at day 0, 7 and 14 while in single dose at 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 h. At the end of treatment, animals were sacrificed and blood was collected through cardiac puncture for lipid profile. The acute and sub-chronic treatment exhibited highly significant (p<0.01) fall in blood glucose at 500 and 1000 mg/kg dose and 25.8% decline in body weight was observed. The treated group also offered reduction in total cholesterol (p<0.01), triglycerides (p<0.05) and low density lipoprotein (p<0.01). It also appeared that by reducing the dose of extract, both the antihyperglycemic and loss of body weight decreases in treated groups. It can be recommended in obese diabetic patients to prevent macrovascular complication pertinent to body weight and lipids.
References
Anwar, F., S. Latif, M. Ashraf and A.H. Gilani, 2007. Moringa oleifera: A food plant with multiple medicinal uses. Phytother. Res., 21: 17-25.
Babu, R. and M. Chaudhuri, 2005. Home water treatment by direct filtration with natural coagulant. J. Water Health, 3: 27-30.
Bailey, C.J., 1992. Biguanides and NIDDM. Diabetes Care, 15: 755-772.
Berg, J.M., J.L. Tymoczko and L. Stryer, 2001. Glycolysis and Glyconeogensis. In: Biochemistry, Berg, J.M., J.L. Tymoczko and L. Stryer (Eds.). WH Freeman and Company, New York, pp: 425-464.
Filho, V.C. and R.A. Yunes, 1998. [Estrategies for obtaining pharmacologically active compounds from medicinal plants. Concepts about structural modification for improve the activity]. Quimica Nova, 21: 99-105, (In Portuguese).
Chaurasia, S., R. Jain, R.C. Saxena, I.D. Chaurasia and R. Shrivastava, 2010. Hyperglycemic activity of Eugenia jambolane in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 2: 458-460.
Cusi, K., A. Consoli and R.A. DeFronzo, 1996. Metabolic effects of metformin on glucose and lactate metabolism in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 81: 4059-4067.
Ali, F.T., N.S. Hassan and R.R. Abdrabou, 2015. Potential activity of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and some active ingredients against diabetes in rats. Int. J. Scient. Eng. Res., 6: 1490-1500.
Frode, T.S. and Y.S. Medeiros, 2008. Animal models to test drugs with potential antidiabetic activity. J. Ethnopharmacol., 115: 173-183.
Ghasi, S., E. Nwobodo and J.O. Ofili, 2000. Hypocholesterolemic effects of crude extract of leaf of Moringa oleifera Lam in high-fat diet fed wistar rats. J. Ethnopharmacol., 69: 21-25.
Hakkim, F.L., S. Girija, R.S. Kumar and M.D. Jalaludeen, 2007. Effect of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Cassia auriculata L. flowers on diabetes using alloxan induced diabetic rats. Int. J. Diabetes Metabol., 15: 100-106.
Harborne, J.B., 2005. Phytochemical Method: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis. 3rd Edn., Springer, New York.
Hermansen, K. and L.S. Mortensen, 2007. Bodyweight changes associated with antihyperglycaemic agents in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Drug Saf., 30: 1127-1142.
International Diabetes Federation, 2013. IDF Diabetes Atlas. 6th Edn., International Diabetes Federation, Brussels.
Jung, U.J., M.K. Lee, Y.B. Park, M.A. Kang and M.S. Choia, 2006. Effect of citrus flavonoids on lipid metabolism and glucose-regulating enzyme mRNA levels in type-2 diabetic mice. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol., 38: 1134-1145.
Kamboj, V.P., 2000. Herbal medicines. Curr. Sci., 78: 35-39.
Kaplan, M.A.C. and O.R. Gottlieb, 1990. Busca racional de principios ativos em plantas. Interciencia, 15: 26-29.
Algariri, K., K.Y. Meng, I.J. Atangwho, M.Z. Asmawi, A. Sadikun, V. Murugaiyah and N. Ismai, 2013. Hypoglycemic and anti-hyperglycemic study of Gynura procumbens leaf extracts. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., 3: 358-366.
Lenzen, S., 2008. The mechanisms of alloxan-and streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Diabetologia, 51: 216-226.
Letchuman, G.R., W.M.W. Nazaimoon, W.B.W. Mohamad, L.R. Chandran and G.H. Tee et al., 2010. Prevalence of diabetes in the malaysian national health morbidity survey III 2006. Med. J. Malaysia, 65: 173-179.
Maiti, R., D. Jana, U.K. Das and D. Ghosh, 2004. Antidiabetic effect of aqueous extract of seed of Tamarindus indica in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J. Ethnopharmacol., 92: 85-91.
Mavian, A.A., S. Miller and R.R. Henry, 2010. Managing type 2 diabetes: Balancing HbA1c and body weight. Postgrad. Med., 122: 106-117.
Murthy, V.K., J.C. Shipp, C. Hanson and D.M. Shipp, 1992. Delayed onset and decreased incidence of diabetes in BB rats fed free radical scavengers. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract., 18: 11-16.
National Nutrition Council, 1999. Finnish nutrition recommendations. Committee Report 7, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Helsinki, Finland, pp: 9.
Pari, L.J. and J. Umamaheswari, 2000. Antihyperglycaemic activity of Musa sapientum flowers: Effect on lipid peroxidation in alloxan diabetic rats. Phytother. Res., 14: 136-138.
Prabhakar, P.K. and M. Doble, 2008. A target based therapeutic approach towards diabetes mellitus using medicinal plants. Curr. Diabetes Rev., 4: 291-308.
Secco, R.S., 1990. Produtos naturais: Alternativa segura? [Natural products: Secure alternative?]. Cienc. Cult., 42: 807-810.
Shaw, J.E., R.A. Sicree and P.Z. Zimmet, 2010. Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract., 87: 4-14.
Shulman, G.I., 2000. Cellular mechanisms of insulin resistance. J. Clin. Invest., 106: 171-176.
Sofowora, A., 1993. Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine in Africa. 2nd Edn., Spectrum Books Ltd, Ibadan, Nigeria, ISBN: 9789782462190, Pages: 289.
Tan, B.K.H., C.H. Tan and P.N. Pushparaj, 2005. Anti-diabetic activity of the semi-purified fractions of Averrhoa bilimbi in high fat diet fed-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Life Sci., 76: 2827-2839.
Trease, G.E. and W.C. Evans, 1989. Pharmacognosy. 11th Edn., Bailliere Tindall, London, pp: 45-50.
Chen, W., T. Hira, S. Nakajima, H. Tomozawa, M. Tsubata, K. Yamaguchi and H. Hara, 2012. Suppressive effect on food intake of a potato extract (Potein®) involving cholecystokinin release in rats. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 76: 1104-1109.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2016 Asian Network for Scientific Information
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
