Research Article Open Access

Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases among Saudi Arabian Adolescents

Authors

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Baker M. Albow
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
|
Awwad K. Alenezy
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
Published on: August 15, 2016
DOI 10.3923/pjn.2016.883.888
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Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of risk factors for Type2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases among Saudi Arabian adolescents of Arar region. A descriptive epidemiological cross sectional study was conducted with 200 participants (aged 14-19 years) randomly selected from secondary and high schools in the northern border region, KSA. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC) and triacylglycerols (TG) serum levels along with glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc) for early screening of risk factors for T2DM and CVDs in the school setting. FBG, HbAlc and TG mean levels were significantly higher in female subgroup when compared to those of male subgroup. Our results revealed that 68 (34%) of our participants were over weighed, 56 (28%) were class I obese, 40 (20%) were class II obese and 14 (7%) were class III obese. There was a significant positive correlation between BMI and HbAlc (r = 0.33, p<0.001). In addition, there was a borderline significance regarding correlation between abdominal obesity and blood pressure (r = 0.2, p = 0.05). Significant correlation of family history of diabetes with higher body mass index measurements and total serum cholesterol levels was observed. Advanced degree of obesity (class II and III) showed statistically significant higher levels of both blood glucose and HbAlc levels when compared to other subgroups (p = 0.021 and 0.29, respectively). Obesity was associated with an adverse biomarker profile for CVD and type 2 diabetes. Intense and stringent preventive measures directed towards reducing the risk factors, particularly obesity, can result in reasonable reduction of disease prevalence.

Keywords:

CVD, KSA, northern border region, risk factors, T2DM

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Albow, B. M., & Alenezy, A. K. (2016). Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases among Saudi Arabian Adolescents. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 15(9), 883–888. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2016.883.888
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