The Potential Types of Indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi as Sources of Inoculum and Their Effect on Rice Production Using the System of Rice Intensification Method
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2018.696.701Keywords:
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, grain weight, plant height, rice cultivation, rice IntensificationAbstract
Background and Objective: The aerobic conditions during the vegetative phase of rice cultivation under the System of Rice Intensification (SRI)-method allow microorganisms, including Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), to be active. The AMF, which are derived from the rhizosphere of the plant itself (indigenous), are used because these fungi are adaptive and efficient. The compatibility between AMF and plant species is crucial for increasing nutrient uptake and plant growth. This research aims to; (1) Determine the effect of indigenous AMF types on the SRI rice production method and (2) Identify potential indigenous AMF types as sources of inoculum that can be used for rice cultivation under the SRI method. Materials and Methods: The materials used were 3 types of AMF isolates (Glomus sp2, Glomus sp3, Sclerocystis sp.). Greenhouse pot experiments with AMF treatments using a completely randomized included (1) no AMF (control), (2) Glomus sp2, (3) Glomus sp3 and (4) Sclerocystis sp. and were repeated 5 times. Growth production, root colonization and spore density were observed. Root colonization was observed in the Microbiology Laboratory of Payakumbuh State Agricultural Polytechnic. The similarity of variance between treatments was tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. Results: Glomus sp3 treatment produced the greatest plant height, grain weight/panicle, 1000-seed weight and yield/hectare. Sclerocystis sp. treatment produced the greatest number of tillers, number of productive tillers and number of grains/panicle. The percentage of colonization and root infection intensity did not differ between Glomus sp3 and Sclerocystis sp. treatments. Conclusion: Glomus sp3 and Sclerocystis sp. are potential sources of inoculum that can be used in the SRI method of rice cultivation.
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