In vitro Dry Matter Digestibility and in vitro Gas Production of Some Acacia Seeds Treated with Sodium Hydroxide and Poly Ethylene Glycol
Authors
-
Balgees, A. Atta Elmnan
Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Production, University of Khartoum, 13314 Khartoum, Sudan
- Moawia Mohamed Sharaf Ali Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Production, University of Khartoum, 13314 Khartoum, Sudan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2020.381.387Keywords:
A. mellifea, A. nilotica seeds, A. senegal, A. seyal, A. tortillis, In vitro dry matter digestibility, gas production, sodium hydroxide and poly ethylene glycolAbstract
Objectives: The study was carried out to determine the nutritive value and the effect of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and poly ethylene glycol (PEG) treatments on in-vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and gas production parameters of some Acacia seeds. Materials and Methods: Seeds of Acacia mellifea (A. mellifea), Acacia senegal (A. senegal), Acacia tortillis (A. tortillis), Acacia seyal (A. seyal ) and Acacia nilotica (A. nilotica) were collected from El-Gadaref State-East Sudan. Samples of each seeds were milled, and divided into 3 groups and assign to one of the three treatments; untreated seeds (control seeds), 0.2% PEG treatment (PEG seeds) and 0.2% NaOH treatment (NaOH seeds). Results: The results revealed that all of acacia seeds under study contained appreciable amount of crude protein (CP), which range from 16.68 to 22.57%. A. mellifea seeds had higher level of CP, lower level of crude fiber (CF) and tannin than the other seeds. Contrary Acacia nilotica seeds contained high level of CF, tannin and low amount of CP. PEG seeds and NaOH seeds had higher IVDMD and gas production than control seeds. The correlation study indicated that the IVDMD of acacia seeds were positively correlated with CP and negatively with tannins and CF content. Conclusion: It is concluded that the PEG and NaOH treatments had a great potential to improve the IVDMD and gas production for acacia seeds with superiority to the PEG treatment.
References
Leng, R.A., 1990. Factors affecting the utilization of 'poor-quality' forages by ruminants particularly under tropical conditions. Nutr. Res. Rev., 3: 277-303.
Balgees, A., A. Elmnan, A.M.A.F. Elseed, A.G. Mahala and E.O. Amasiab, 2013. In- situ degradability and In vitro gas production of selected multipurpose tree leaves and Alfalfa as ruminant feeds. World's Vet. J., 3: 46-50.
Jones, G.A., T.A. McAllister, A.D. Muir and K.J. Cheng, 1994. Effects of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia scop.) condensed tannins on growth and proteolysis by four strains of ruminal bacteria. Applied Environ. Microbiol., 60: 1374-1378.
Orskov, E.R. and I. McDonald, 1970. The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage. J. Agric. Sci., 92: 499-503.
Karabulut, A., O. Canbolat, C.O. Ozkan and A. Kamalak, 2014. Determination of nutritive value of citrus tree leaves for sheep using in vitro gas production technique. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 20: 529-535.
D'Mello, J.P.F., C.M. Placinta and A.M.C. MacDonald, 1999. Fusarium mycotoxins: A review of global implications for animal health, welfare and productivity. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 80: 183-205.
McAllister, T.A., H.D. Bae, G.A. Jones and K.-J. Cheng, 2017. Microbial attachment and feed digestion in the rumen. J. Anim. Sci., 72: 3004-3018.
Singh, B., A. Sahoo, R. Sharma and T.K. Bhat, 2005. Effect of polethylene glycol on gas production parameters and nitrogen disappearance of some tree forages. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 123-124: 351-364.
AOAC, 1980. Official Method of Analysis. 13th Edn., Association of Analytical Chemists, Washington DC. USA., pp: 858.
Price, M.L., S. van Scoyoc and L.G. Butler, 1978. A critical evaluation of the vanillin reaction as an assay for tannin in sorghum grain. J. Agric. Food Chem., 26: 1214-1218.
Tilley, J.M.A. and R.A. Terry, 1963. A two-stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. Grass Forage Sci., 18: 104-111.
Menke, K.H. and H. Steingass, 1988. Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid. Anim. Res. Dev., 28: 7-55.
Steel, R.G.D. and J.H. Torrie, 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach. 2nd Edn., McGraw Hill, New York, United States, ISBN-13: 9780070609266, Pages: 633.
Adewusi, S.R., O.S. Falade and C. Harwood, 2003. Chemical composition of Acacia colei and Acacia tumida seeds-potential food sources in the semi-arid tropics. Food Chem., 80: 187-195.
Mohamed, E.E., 1997. Feeding potential of important natural pastures and crop residues in the Butana, Eastern Sudan. Cuvillier Verlag, Göttingen, Germany Pages: 132.
Ayssiwede, S.B., J.C. Zanmenou, Y. Issa, M.B. Hane and A. Dieng et al., 2011. Nutrient composition of some unconventional and local feed resources available in senegal and recoverable in indigenous chickens or animal feeding. Pak. J. Nutr., 10: 707-717.
Kebede, S.A., U.G Girgo and G.D. Jalleta, 2012. The potential of treatment with ash solution in improving degradability of fibrous feeds in Ethiopia. Agric. Sci. Res. J., 2: 100-105.
Al-Masri, M.R., 2003. An In vitro evaluation of some unconventional ruminant feeds in terms of the organic matter digestibility, energy and microbial biomass. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 35: 155-167.
Silanikove, N., A. Perevolotsky and F.D. Provenza, 2001. Use of tannin-binding chemicals to assay for tannins and their negative postingestive effects in ruminants. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 91: 69-81.
Frutos, P., G. Hervás, F.J. Giráldez and A.R. Mantecón, 2004. An in vitro study on the ability of polyethylene glycol to inhibit the effect of quebracho tannins and tannic acid on rumen fermentation in sheep, goats, cows, and deer. Aust. J. Agric. Res., 55: 1125-1132.
Odenyo, A.A., P.O. Osuji and O. Karanfil, 1997. Effect of multipurpose tree (MPT) supplements on ruminal ciliate protozoa. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 67: 169-180.
Apori, S.O., F.B. Castro, W.J. Shand and E.R. Orskov, 1998. Chemical composition, Insacco degradation and Invitro gas production of some ghanaian browse plants. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 76: 129-137.
Melesse, A., 2012. Assessing the feeding values of leaves, seeds and seeds-removed pods of Moringa stenopetala using in vitro gas production technique. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 11: 11342-11349.
Bakhashwain, A., S. Sallam and A. Allam, 2010. Nutritive value assessment of some Saudi ArabianFoliages by gas production technique in vitro. J. King Abdulaziz Univ., 21: 65-80.
Balgees, A.A.E. and M.F.E. Amin, 2015. Nutritive characteristics of seeds, stems, leaves and seed cake of Moringa oleifera tree. Global J. Anim. Sci. Res., 3: 753-762.
Balgees, A.A.E. and R.A. Ismeal, 2019. In vitro digestibility and In situ degradability of sugarcane bagasse treated with urea as energy source in total mixed ration for goat. Online J. Anim. Feed Res., 93: 86-91.
Lebbie, S.H.B.R. and B.E.K Irungu, 1994. Small ruminant research and development in Africa. Proceedings of the second biennial conference of the African Small Ruminant Research Network, 5-9 December 1994. International livestock research Institute 215-218.
Gurbuz, Y., M. Kaplan and D.R. Davies, 2008. Effects of condensed tannin content on digestibility and determination of nutritive value of selected some native legumes species. J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 7: 854-862.
Kamalak, A., O. Canbolat, M. Sahin, Y. Gurbuz, E. Ozkose and C.O. Ozkan, 2005. The effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000) supplementation on In vitro gas production kinetics of leaves from tannin containing trees. South Afr. J. Anim. Sci., 35: 229-237.
Getachew, G., H.P.S. Makkar and K. Becker, 2002. Tropical browses: Contents of phenolic compounds, in vitro gas production and stoichiometric relationship between short chain fatty acid and in vitro gas production. J. Agric. Sci., 139: 341-352.
McDonald, P., R.A. Edwards, J.F.D. Greenhalgh and C.A. Morgan, 2010. Animal Nutrition. 7th Edn., Longman Singapore Publishers (Pvt.) Ltd., Spain Pages: 714.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
