Essential Trace Elements and Metal Binding Proteins in Nigerian Consumers of Alcoholic Beverages

Abstract

Throughout the world 7% of individuals above 18 years of age are habitual consumers of alcoholic beverages, despite the fatal consequences of alcohol consumption on immune system and other organs. This study is designed to provide biochemical basis for the fatal consequences of alcohol consumption. The levels of metal binding proteins (transferrin, caeruloplasmin and alpha 2-macroglobulin) and essential trace elements (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe and Se) were determined in male Nigerians that consume alcohol beverages compared with controls using immuno diffusion method and atomic absorption spectrophotometric method respectively. Transferrin and Zn were significantly reduced while Cu and Mn were significantly raised in alcohol consumers compared with the controls. No correlation was found between the levels of metal binding proteins and essential trace elements. Reduction of transferrin and Zn might explain susceptibility of alcohol consumers to infections and that Zn supplementation is recommended for alcohol consumers to boost their immunity.