Effect of Feed Types and Estimation of Nitrogen-Phosphorus Loading Caused by Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Lake Maninjau, Indonesia
Authors
- Hafrijal Syandri Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bung Hatta University, Padang, Indonesia
- Azrita Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Education, Bung Hatta University, Padang, Indonesia
-
Ainul Mardiah
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bung Hatta University, Padang, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2018.454.461Keywords:
Aquaculture, environmental factors, feed types, floating net-cages, mass balanceAbstract
Background and Objective: In Indonesia, Lake Maninjau is one of the most important locations for fish aquaculture operations that use floating net cages. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of different feed type on Growth, Feed Conversion Efficiency (FCE), Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) load caused by Cyprinus carpio. Methodology: Cyprinus carpio L. fingerlings (initial weight 56.79±1.77 g) were collected from a private hatchery in Rao Pasaman Regency. The study was conducted at two locations in Lake Maninjau (i.e. Farm I and Farm II). The farms consisted of three floating net cage units with floating and drowned feed. Each floating net cage had a capacity of 32 m3 (4×4×2 m) and individual stocking density of 60 m–3. Approximately 1,500 kg of feed was used in each floating net cage during the experiment. The differences in growth, N and P loads from the different feed types (floating and drowned feed) were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results: The different feed types had significant (p<0.05) effects on the weight gain, FCE, N and P load of Cyprinus carpio. The N load of floating and drowned feed from Farm I and II were 42.95±5.49, 39.31±0.64 and 51.69±12.61 kg, 39.17±0.60 kg t–1 of fish production, respectively. While, the P load of floating and drowned feed from Farm I and II were 18.85±1.63, 19.07±0.20 and 18.52±2.21 kg, 17.44±2.76 kg t–1 of fish production, respectively. Conclusion: Drowned feed is preferred for aquaculture activity in floating net cages in Lake Maninjau because it minimizes the eutrophication process, while also maintain sustainable aquaculture activity.
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