Effect of Probiotic Saccharomyces spp. on Duck Egg Quality Characteristics and Mineral and Cholesterol Concentrations in Eggshells and Yolks
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2019.1075.1083Keywords:
Calcium, cholesterol, egg quality, laying ducks, shell thicknessAbstract
Objective: The present study was conducted to determine the dosage effects of Saccharomyces spp. Kb-5 (isolated from buffalo rumen fluid) as a probiotic on egg production performance, egg quality characteristics and mineral and cholesterol concentrations in the yolks of eggs from laying ducks. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and forty 40-week-old healthy laying ducks (Anas sp.) were used in a completely randomized design divided into four treatment groups: S0, without administration of the probiotic; S1, with administration of 0.10% Saccharomyces spp. Kb-5; S2, with administration of 0.20% Saccharomyces spp. Kb-5 and S3, with administration of 0.30% Saccharomyces spp. Kb-5. Results: This study showed that administration of Saccharomyces spp. Kb-5 increased egg mass, feed efficiency, feed digestibility, yolk color, yolk and eggshell weight, shell thickness and Ca content in the eggshell and yolk (p<0.05) but did not increase the efficiency of feed consumption (p>0.05). Administration of 0.20-0.30% Saccharomyces spp. resulted in lower (p<0.05) yolk cholesterol contents. Conclusion: It is concluded that supplementation of laying duck diets with 0.20-0.30% Saccharomyces spp. Kb-5 increased egg mass, feed efficiency, feed digestibility, yolk color, yolk and eggshell weight, shell thickness and Ca contents in the eggshell but decreased yolk cholesterol contents.
References
Abdelqader, A., R. Irshaid and A.R. Al-Fataftah, 2013. Effects of dietary probiotic inclusion on performance, eggshell quality, cecal microflora composition, and tibia traits of laying hens in the late phase of production. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 45: 1017-1024.
Bidura, I.G.N.G., N.W. Siti and I.B.G. Partama, 2019. Effect of probiotics, Saccharomyces spp. Kb-5 and Kb-8, in diets on growth performance and cholesterol levels in ducks. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci., 49: 219-226.
Khan, R.U. and S. Naz, 2013. The applications of probiotics in poultry production. World's Poult. Sci. J., 69: 621-632.
Lei, K., Li, Y.L., Yu, D.Y., I.R. Rajput and W.F. Li, 2013. Influence of dietary inclusion of Bacillus licheniformis on laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and intestinal barrier function of laying hens. Poult. Sci., 92: 2389-2395.
Mikulski, D., J. Jankowski, J. Naczmanski, M. Mikulska and V. Demey, 2012. Effects of dietary probiotic (Pediococcus acidilactici) supplementation on performance, nutrient digestibility, egg traits, egg yolk cholesterol and fatty acid profile in laying hens. Poult. Sci., 91: 2691-2700.
Nusairat, B., J. McNaughton, J. Tyus and J.J. Wang, 2018. Combination of xylanase and Bacillus direct-fed microbials, as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters, improves live performance and gut health in subclinical challenged broilers. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 17: 362-366.
Cully, M., 2014. Public health: The politics of antibiotics. Nature, 509: S16-S17.
Lekshmi, M., P. Ammini, S. Kumar and M.F. Varela, 2017. The food production environment and the development of antimicrobial resistance in human pathogens of animal origin. Microorganisms, Vol. 5, No. 1.
Dibner, J.J. and J.D. Richards, 2005. Antibiotic growth promoters in agriculture: History and mode of action. Poult. Sci., 84: 634-643.
Tang, R.Y., Z.L. Wu, G.Z. Wang and W.C. Liu, 2018. The effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on productive performance of laying hens. Ital. J. Anim. Sci., 17: 436-441.
Bidura, I.G.N.G., I.B.G. Partama, D.K.H. Putra and U. Santoso, 2016. Implementation on diet of probiotic Saccharomyces spp. SB-6 isolated from colon of Bali cattle on egg production and egg cholesterol concentration of Lohmann Brown laying hens. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Applied Sci., 5: 793-802.
Bidura, I.G.N.G., I.G. Mahardika, I.P. Suyadnya, I.B.G. Partama, I.G.L. Oka, D. Candrawati and I.G.A.I. Aryani, 2012. The implementation of Saccharomyces spp. n-2 isolate culture (isolation from traditional yeast culture) for improving feed quality and performance of male Bali duckling. Agric. Sci. Res. J., 2: 486-492.
Jawad, H.S.A., I.H. Lokman, S.A. Naji, A.B.Z. Zuki and A.B. Kassim, 2016. Effects of dietary supplementation of wet fermented feed with probiotic on the production performance of Akar Putra chicken. Asian J. Poult. Sci., 10: 72-77.
Candrawati, D.P.M.A., D.A. Warmadewi and I.G.N.G. Bidura, 2014. Isolation of Saccharomyces spp. from manure of beef bali cattle as a probiotics properties and has CMC-ase activity to improve nutrient quality of rice bran. J. Biol. Chem. Res., 31: 39-52.
Bidura, I.G.N.G. and N.W. Siti, 2017. Selection and implementation of probiotics Saccharomyces spp. Kb-05 and Saccharomyces spp. Kb-08 isolated from buffalo ruments to increase the nutritional value of rice bran. J. Biol. Chem. Res., 34: 866-877.
Bidura, I.G.N.G., D.P.M.A. Candrawati and D. A. Warmadewi, 2015. Selection of khamir Saccharomyces spp. isolated from colon of native chickens as a probiotics properties and has CMC-ase activity. J. Biol. Chem., 32: 683-699.
Bidura, I.G.N.G., D.P.M.A. Candrawati and I.B.G. Partama, 2014. Selection of Saccharomyces spp. isolates (isolation from colon beef of Bali cattle) as probiotics agent and colon cancer prevention and its effect on pollard quality as feed. J. Biol. Chem. Res., 31: 1043-1047.
Candrawati, D.P.M.A., D.A. Warmadewi and I.G.N.G. Bidura, 2014. Isolation of Saccharomyces spp. from manure of beef bali cattle as a probiotics properties and has CMC-ase activity to improve nutrient quality of rice bran. J. Biol. Chem. Res., 31: 39-52.
Puspani, E., D.P.M.A. Candrawati and I.G.N.G. Bidura, 2016. Implementation probiotics cellulolitic b-7 bacteria (isolation from buffalo rumen) into rations on the performance, abdominal fat and serum cholesterol of duck. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Applied Sci., 5: 432-441.
Ristiani, N.M., I.G.N.G. Bidura and D.A. Warmadewi, 2017. The effect of Saccharomyces spp. Gb-9 (isolated from colon of native chicken) on the growth performance and meat cholesterol level in broilers. J. Biol. Chem. Res., 34: 80-88.
Chen, C.Y., S.W. Chen and H.T. Wang, 2017. Effect of supplementation of yeast with bacteriocin and Lactobacillus culture on growth performance, cecal fermentation, microbiota composition and blood characteristics in broiler chickens. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 30: 211-220.
Nguyen, D.H., C.M. Nyachoti and I.H. Kim, 2019. Evaluation of effect of probiotics mixture supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, faecal bacterial enumeration and noxious gas emission in weaning pigs. Ital. J. Anim. Sci., 18: 466-473.
Piao, X.S., I.K. Han, J.H. Kim, W.T. Cho, Y.H. Kim and C. Liang, 1999. Effects of kemzyme, phytase and yeast supplementation on the growth performance and pollution reduction of broiler chicks. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 12: 36-41.
Jin, L.Z., Y.W. Ho, N. Abdullah and S. Jalaludin, 1997. Probiotics in poultry: Modes of action. World's Poult. Sci. J., 53: 351-368.
Nahashon, S.N., H.S. Nakaue and L.W. Mirosh, 1994. Production variables and nutrient retention in single comb white leghorn laying pullets fed diets supplemented with direct-fed microbials. Poult. Sci., 73: 1699-1711.
Istiqomah, L., M. Anwar, A.S. Anggraeni and E. Damayanti, 2018. Cholesterol assimilation of saccharomyces cerevisiae B-18 isolated from gastrointestinal tract of Javanese duck. J. Indones. Trop. Anim. Agric., 43: 149-158.
Fathi, M., I. Al-Homidan, A. Al-Dokhail, T. Ebeid, O. Abou-Emera and A. Alsagan, 2018. Effects of dietary probiotic (Bacillus subtilis) supplementation on productive performance, immune response and egg quality characteristics in laying hens under high ambient temperature Ital. J. Anim. Sci., 17: 804-814.
Zurmiati, Wizna, M.H. Abbas, M.E. Mahata and R. Fauzano, 2017. Effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as a probiotic on growth performance parameters of Pitalah ducks. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 16: 147-153.
Phuoc, T.L. and U. Jamikorn, 2017. Effects of probiotic supplement (Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus) on feed efficiency, growth performance, and microbial population of weaning rabbits. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 30: 198-205.
Bai, S.P., A.M. Wu, X.M. Ding, Y. Lei, J. Bai, K.Y. Zhang and J.S. Chio, 2013. Effects of probiotic-supplemented diets on growth performance and intestinal immune characteristics of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci., 92: 663-670.
NRC., 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Edn., National Academy Press, Washington, DC., USA., ISBN-13: 9780309048927, Pages: 176.
Scott, M.L., M.C. Neisheim and R.J. Young, l982. Nutrition of the Chickens. 3rd Edn., M. L. Scott and Associates, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Lieberman, A. and R. Burchard, 1980. Enzymatic method to determined cholesterol. Engl. J. Med., 271: 915-924.
Horwitz, W. and G.W. Latimer, 2005. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. 18th Edn., AOAC International, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, ISBN: 0935584757, Pages: 28.
An, H.M., S.Y. Park, D.K. Lee, J.R. Kim and M.K. Cha et al., 2011. Antiobesity and lipid-lowering effects of Bifidobacterium spp. in high fat diet-induced obese rats. Lipids Health Dis., Vol. 10.
Shivaramaiah, S., N.R. Pumford, M.J. Morgan, R.E. Wolfenden and A.D. Wolfenden et al., 2011. Evaluation of Bacillus species as potential candidates for direct-fed microbials in commercial poultry. Poult. Sci., 90: 1574-1580.
Chen, K.L., W.L. Kho, S.H. You, R.H. Yeh, S.W. Tang and C.W. Hsieh, 2009. Effects of Bacillus subtilis var. natto and Saccharomyces cerevisiae mixed fermented feed on the enhanced growth performance of broilers. Poult. Sci., 88: 309-315.
Salim, H.M., H.K. Kang, N. Akter, D.W. Kim and J.H. Kim et al., 2013. Supplementation of Direct-fed microbials as an alternative to antibiotic on growth performance, immune response, cecal microbial population and ileal morphology of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci., 92: 2084-2090.
Tufarelli, V., A.M. Crovace, G. Rossi and V. Laudadio, 2017. Effect of a dietary probiotic blend on performance, blood characteristics, meat quality and faecal microbial shedding in growing-finishing pigs. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci., 47: 875-882.
Aliakbarpour, H.R., M. Chamani, G. Rahimi, A.A. Sadeghi and D. Qujeq, 2012. The Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria probiotics influences intestinal mucin gene expression, histomorphology and growth performance in broilers. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 25: 1285-1293.
Azzam, M.M.M., X.T. Zou, X.Y. Dong and P. Xie, 2011. Effect of supplemental L-threonine on mucin 2 gene expression and intestine mucosal immune and digestive enzymes activities of laying hens in environments with high temperature and humidity. Poult. Sci., 90: 2251-2256.
Husain, D.R., Z. Dwyana, Ambeng, A. Anggraeni and Sulfahri, 2017. Evaluation of bacteria from Gallus domesticus as a potential probiotic in broiler chicks: effects on growth performance and feed conversion ratio. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 16: 43-49.
Manafi, M., M. Hedayati and S. Mirzaie, 2018. Probiotic Bacillus species and Saccharomyces boulardii improve performance, gut histology and immunity in broiler chickens. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci., 48: 379-389.
Sikandar, A., H. Zaneb, M. Younus, S. Masood, A. Aslam, M. Shah and H. Rehman, 2017. Growth performance, immune status and organ morphometry in broilers fed Bacillus subtilis-supplemented diet. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci., 47: 378-388.
Prado, M.R.M., S.G. Franco and C.R. Soccol, 2016. Development of a fermentation medium for production of probiotics and their use in feed for laying hens. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Applied Sci., 5: 357-369.
Davis, G.S. and K.E. Anderson, 2002. The effects of feeding the direct-fed microbial, primalac, on growth parameters and egg production in single comb white leghorn hens. Poult. Sci., 81: 755-759.
Kalavathy, R., N. Abdullah, S. Jalaludin, M. Wong and Y.W. Ho, 2009. Effects of Lactobacillus cultures on performance of laying hens, and total cholesterol, lipid and fatty acid composition of egg yolk. J. Sci. Food Agric., 89: 482-486.
Balevi, T., U.S. Ucan, B. Cokun, V. Kurtolu and I.S. Cetingul, 2001. Effect of dietary probiotic on performance and humoral immune response in layer hens. Br. Poult. Sci., 42: 456-461.
Saleh, A.A., B. Gálik, H. Arpášová, M. Capcarová and A. Kalafová et al., 2017. Synergistic effect of feeding Aspergillus awamori and lactic acid bacteria on performance, egg traits, egg yolk cholesterol and fatty acid profile in laying hens. Ital. J. Anim. Sci., 16: 132-139.
Sun, H., Y. Wu, X. Wang, Y. Liu, X. Yao and J. Tang, 2015. Effects of dietary supplementation with red yeast rice on laying performance, egg quality and serum traits of laying hens. Ital. J. Anim. Sci.
Mahdavi, A.H., H.R. Rahmani and J. Pourreza, 2005. Effect of probiotic supplements on egg quality and laying hen's performance. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 4: 488-492.
Li, L., C.L. Xu, C. Ji, Q. Ma, K. Hao, Z.Y. Jin and K. Li, 2006. Effects of a dried Bacillus subtilis culture on egg quality. Poult. Sci., 85: 364-368.
Swiatkiewicz, S., J. Koreleski and A. Arczewska, 2010. Laying performance and eggshell quality in laying hens fed diets supplemented with prebiotics and organic acids. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 55: 294-306.
Chen, Y.C. and T.C. Chen, 2003. Effects of commercial probiotic or prebiotic supplementation on production, size and quality of hen's egg. Poult. Sci., 82: 330-330.
Mohebbifar, A., S. Kashani, M. Afsari and M. Torki, 2013. Effects of commercial prebiotic and probiotics of diet on performance of laying hens, egg traits and some blood parameters. An. Rev. Res. Bio., 3: 921-934.
Djouvinov, D., S. Boicheva, T. Simeonova and T. Vlaikova, 2005. Effect of feeding lactina® probiotic on performance, some blood parameters and caecal microflora of mule ducklings. Trakia J. Sci., 3: 22-28.
Alkhalf, A., M. Alhaj and I. Al-Homidan, 2010. Influence of probiotic supplementation on blood parameters and growth performance in broiler chickens. Saudi J. Biol. Sci., 17: 219-225.
Lee, H.Y., J.H. Park, S.H. Seok, M.W. Baek and D.J. Kim et al., 2006. Human originated bacteria, Lactobacillus rhamnosus PL60, produce conjugated linoleic acid and show anti-obesity effects in diet-induced obese mice. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (BBA)-Mol. Cell Biol. Lipids, 1761: 736-744.
Ezema, C. and D.C. Eze, 2015. Probiotic effect of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on hen-day egg performance, serum and egg cholesterol levels in laying chicken. Pak. J. Nutr., 14: 44-46.
Tang, C., P.C.X. Hoo, L.T.H. Tan, P. Pusparajah and T.M. Khan et al., 2016. Golden needle mushroom: A culinary medicine with evidenced-based biological activities and health promoting properties. Front. Pharmacol., Vol. 7.
Paryad, A. and M. Mahmoudi, 2008. Effect of different levels of supplemental yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance, blood constituents and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks. Afr. J. Agric. Res., 3: 835-842.
Sobczak, A. and K. Kozłowski, 2015. The effect of a probiotic preparation containing Bacillus subtilis ATCC PTA-6737 on egg production and physiological parameters of laying hens. Ann. Anim. Sci., 15: 711-723.
Mujnisa, A., L. Gustina, A. Natsir and S. Hasan, 2018. Dosage effects of lactococcus lactis ssp. Lactis 2 as a probiotic on the percentage of carcass, abdominal fat content and cholesterol level in broilers. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 17: 100-105.
Khan, R.U., S. Naz, K. Dhama, K. Kathrik and R. Tiwari et al., 2016. Direct-Fed Microbial: Beneficial applications, modes of action and prospects as a safe tool for enhancing ruminant production and safeguarding health. Int. J. Pharmacol., 12: 220-231.
Zhang, Z.F. and I.H. Kim, 2014. Effects of multistrain probiotics on growth performance, apparent ileal nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, cecal microbial shedding and excreta odor contents in broilers. Poult. Sci., 93: 364-370.
An, B.K., B.L. Cho, S.J. You, H.D. Paik and H.I. Chang et al., 2008. Growth performance and antibody response of broiler chicks fed yeast derived β-glucan and single-strain probiotics. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 21: 1027-1032.
Kalavathy, R., N. Abdullah, S. Jalaludin and Y.W. Ho, 2003. Effects of Lactobacillus cultures on growth performance, abdominal fat deposition, serum lipids and weight of organs of broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci., 44: 139-144.
Kang, J.H., S.I. Yun, M.H. Park, J.H. Park, S.Y. Jeong and H.O. Park, 2013. Anti-obesity effect of Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 in high-sucrose diet-induced obese mice. PloS One, Vol. 8.
Park, Y.H., J.G. Kim, Y.W. Shin, H.S. Kim and Y.J. Kim et al.,. Whang, 2008. Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus 43121 and a mixture of Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium longum on the serum cholesterol level and fecal sterol excretion in hypercholesterolemia-induced pigs. Biosc. Biotechnol. Biochem., 72: 595-600.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
