Growth Performance and Physiological Responses of Garut Lambs Fed Diets Mung Bean Sprout Waste at Different Times
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2016.80.84Keywords:
Feeding time, Garut lamb, growth performance, physiological responses, sprouts wasteAbstract
This study evaluated the effect of a diet containing mung bean sprout waste (MBSW) as a fiber source and feeding time on the growth performance and physiological responses of Garut lambs. Feeding regimens generated by a factorial randomized block design with two factors- diet and feeding time-were assigned to twenty Garut male lambs aged 6-7 months (BW 15.42±2.42 kg). The two diets (D) formulated with a dry matter (DM) base were D1 (60% concentrate 1+40% natural grass) and D2 (60% concentrate 2+40% MBSW). Feeding times were in the morning (MF, 6:00-7:00 am) or the evening (EF, 5:00-6:00 pm). The animals were reared in individual cages and fed with 5% DM/kg body weight/day. Nutrient intake (DM, crude protein (CP), total digestible nutrient (TDN) and average daily gain (ADG) of lambs fed D2 was significantly (p<0.01) higher than that of lambs fed D1. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of lambs fed with D2 at the EF feeding time was significantly improved (6.07, p<0.05) compared to lambs fed D1 at the MF and EF time, respectively (7.88 and 8.27), or lambs fed D2 at the MF time (7.84). Heart rates (HR) were higher in lambs fed D2 than lambs fed D1. In contrast, the respiration rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT) were similar for all treatments. These results suggest that diets containing 40% MBSW as a fiber source together with an evening feeding time could increase growth performance while preserving normal physiological responses of Garut lambs.
References
Anindita, D.U., R. Dewanti and Sudiyono, 2014. The effect of fresh corn husk supplementation in the diet on performance of male New Zealand White crossbred rabbits. Buletin Peternakan, 38: 90-94.
Brosh, A., Y. Aharoni, A.A. Degen, D. Wright and B.A. Young, 1998. Effects of solar radiation, dietary energy and time of feeding on thermoregulatory responses and energy balance in cattle in a hot environment. J. Anim. Sci., 76: 2671-2677.
Duke, N.H., 1995. The Physiology of Domestic Animal. Comstock Publ., New York, USA.
Duldjaman, M., 2004. The use tofu by product to improve the nutrition of the local sheep feed. Med. Pet., 27: 107-110.
Forbes, J.M. and R.W. Mayes, 2002. Food Choice. In: Sheep Nutrition, Freer, M. and H. Dove (Eds.). CABI and CSIRO Publishing, Canberra, pp: 51-70.
Gaughan, J.B., T.L. Mader, S.M. Holt, G.L. Hahn and B.A. Young, 2002. Review of current assessment of cattle and microclimate during periods of high heat load. Anim. Prod. Aust., 24: 77-80.
Hahn, G.L., 1999. Dynamic responses of cattle to thermal heat loads. J. Anim. Sci., 77: 10-20.
Ifafah, W.W., S. Rahayu, D. Diapari and M. Baihaqi, 2011. The utilization of bean sprout waste as a sheep feed in order to reduce waste pollution in Indonesian traditional market. Proceedings of the 18th Tri-University International Joint Seminar and Symposium, October 26-31, 2011, Jiangsu University, China.
Kandemir, C., N. Kosum and T. Taskin, 2013. Effects of heat stress on physiological traits in sheep. Macedonian J. Anim. Sci., 3: 25-29.
Marai, I.F.M., A.A. El-Darawany, A. Fadiel and M.A.M. Abdel-Hafez, 2007. Physiological traits as affected by heat stress in sheep-A review. Small Ruminant Res., 71: 1-12.
Marquardt, R.R., J.A. McKirdy, T. Ward and L.D. Campbell, 1975. Amino acid, hemagglutinin and trypsin inhibitor levels and proximate analyses of faba beans (Vicia faba) and faba bean fractions. Can. J. Anim. Sci., 55: 421-429.
Mubarak, A.E., 2005. Nutritional composition and antinutritional factors of mung bean seeds (Phaseolus aureus) as affected by some home traditional processes. Food Chem., 89: 489-495.
NRC., 1985. Nutrient Requirements of Sheep. 6th Edn., National Academy Press, Washington, DC., USA.
Prawirodigdo, S. and D. Andayani, 2005. Health condition of the Rex rabbits fed on diets containing fermented vegatable and fruit waste using Aspergillus niger. J. Indonesian Trop. Anim. Agric., 30: 75-80.
Preston, T.R. and R.A. Leng, 1987. Matching Ruminant Production Systems with Available Resources in the Tropica and Sub-Tropics. 1st Edn., Penambul Books, Armidale, Australia, Pages: 245.
Rahayu, S., M. Yamin, D.A. Astuti, R. Priyanto and M. Baihaqi, 2013. Growth performance of local sheep fed with mung bean sprouts waste. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Sustainable Animal Agriculture for Developing Countries, July 27-31, 2013, Lanzhou, China, pp: 248-249.
Silanikove, N., 2000. Effects of heat stress on the welfare of extensively managed domestic ruminants. Livest. Prod. Sci., 67: 1-18.
Sodiq, A. and E.S. Tawfik, 2004. Productivity and breeding strategies of sheep in Indonesia: A review. J. Agric. Rural Dev. Trop. Subtrop., 105: 71-82.
Utama, C.S., N. Suthama, B. Sulistiyanto, S. Sumarsih and R.I. Pujaningsih, 2011. Rice bran quality change that enriched vegetable market waste extract as potential fungtional feed as probiotic. Laporan Penelitian, 15: 13-16.
Yani, A. and B.P. Purwanto, 2006. Pengaruh Iklim Mikro terhadap Respons Fisiologis Sapi Peranakan Fries Holland dan Modifikasi Lingkungan untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitasnya (ULASAN). Med. Pet., 29: 35-46.
Yousef, M.K., 1985. Stress Physiology in Livestock. Vol. 1 Basic Principles. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2016 Asian Network for Scientific Information
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
