Pattern of Dietary Intake among Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Subjects with Hypercholesterolemia

Abstract

Understanding the pattern of dietary intake of the diabetic subjects with hypercholesterolemia may help to develop specific intervention for this group of subjects. The aim of this study was to assess the dietary intake of Bangladeshi type 2 diabetic subjects with hypercholesterolemia. It was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. One hundred eleven newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects (male 61%, female 39%, age 45±9 years, BMI 24±4.8 Kg/m², mean ±SD) with hypercholesterolemia (fasting plasma total cholesterol >200 mg/dl) were selected from the Out-Patient Department of BIRDEM by purposive sampling method. The daily intake of macro- and micro-nutrients was assessed by 24 h recall method and seven-day food frequency questionnaire was used for identifying the dietary sources. Average total energy intake was 1300 kcal/day and total carbohydrate, protein and fat consumption was 216.63 g/day, 57.19 g/day and 42.59 g/day respectively. Total fat consumption was 29.3% of total energy intake, with saturated fatty acid 5%, monounsaturated fatty acid 11.51% and polyunsaturated fatty acid 9.71% of total energy. Dietary cholesterol intake was 96.31 mg/day. Total intake of fat, saturated fatty acid and cholesterol were higher compared to MUFA, PUFA and fiber intake. About 9% of patients did not include vegetables for a single time in their meal and dietary fiber intake was very low (4 g/day). Based on these preliminary findings, it may be suggested that active and effective dietary intervention is essential for preventing diabetes and hypercholesterolemia.